Deposition optimization of W/C multilayer mirrors

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Abstract
A number of X-ray astronomical missions of near future will make use of hard X-ray optics with broad-band multilayerud coatings. However multilayer mirrors can be also useful to enhance the effective area of a given X-ray telescope in theud "classical" low energy X-ray band (0.1 – 10 keV), the window where X-ray spectroscopy provides very useful plasmaud diagnostics) with a consistent gain with respect to usual single-layer reflectors. Multilayers for soft X-rays are based onud stacks with constant d-spacing (in order to minimize the loss due to the photoelectric effect). A further gain inud reflectivity (however only restricted to the energy range between 0.5 and 4 keV) can be achieved by using a low densityud material as a first external layer of the film, with the role of reducing the photoelectric absorption effect when the mirrorud acts in total external reflection regime (Carbon is the most performing material for this specific scope). In this paper theud impact of using soft X-ray multilayer mirrors in future X-ray telescopes is discussed, and soft X-ray reflectivity testsud performed on prototype samples presente

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