The Reaction of Propiolic Acid Esters with Tertiary Amines. Formation of Betaines

Abstract
Reaction of propiolate esters, H—C≡C—CO2R, with tertiary alkylamines R′3N in highly aqueous media yields betaines of the type trans R′3N+ •CH=CH•CO2. The spectral and chemical properties of these derivatives are discussed as well as the mechanism of their formation. The major by-product of reaction is the corresponding trans-3-alkoxyacrylate RO—CH=CH—CO2R.

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