Changes in Some Endocrine Glands of White-Tailed Deer as Affected by Season, Sex and Age

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Abstract
A total of 187 male and female white-tailed deer of various ages, collected during the several months of the year, provided data on changes in body-organ weights and other measurements as they are affected by season, sex and age. All animals showed a loss of weight during the late winter. Lens weights increased progressively in a straight line from age 4 months through 12 months. This curve of lens weight from all-aged animals was parabolic in shape. Minimal width of the zona glomerulosa, zonae fasciculata/reticularis, minimal weights of the body, adrenal and thyroid glands, maximal thyroidal colloid and minimal thyroid cell height were all found to occur in mid or late winter. These data are discussed in relation to food supplies, the environmental factors of light and temperature and the sexual activity which occurs at this time. Maximal weights and activity of the various endocrine glands did not appear to be synchronized with any major environmental factor or physiological activity.