A monograph of the order Pyrosomatida (Tunicata, Thaliacea)

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Abstract
The taxonomy of the order Pyrosomatida is revised based on the examination of over 300 samples from all parts of the world oceans. The order consists of a single family (Pyrosomatidae), two subfamilies (Pyrostremmatinae and Pyrosomatinae), three genera (Pyrostremma, Pyrosomdla and Pyrosoma) and 8 species (Pyrostremma spinosum, P. agassizi, Pyrosomella verticillata. P. operculata, Pyrosoma atlanticum, P. aherniosum, P. ovatum and P. godeauxi n.sp.). The species are briefly described and data on their distribution are provided. A key to the species is given. A cladistic analysis of the distribution of relevant character states is made and ideas on evolutionary development are put forward. Biogeographical data are summarized and in conjunction with that the likely modes of speciation in this group are briefly discussed.

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