During the past three years we have seen at Baylor University Hospital four cases of nonchromaffin paraganglioma or carotid-body-like tumor of the middle ear. Up to 1951 only 18 cases had been reported under this name in the entire world literature. In 1953, however, J. C. Gaffney described one case of this tumor, reviewed the world literature, and compiled a list of 56 cases, many reported under different names, which he believed to represent this lesion. Since 1953 there have been many reports of this tumor, primarily in the literature of otology, laryngology, and rhinology. Report of Cases Case 1.—A 46-year-old woman had developed an abscess of her right ear six years prior to this admission. The abscess had responded to antibiotic therapy, but afterwards she had had a slight diminution in hearing on this side. In 1953, five years after the abscess formation, she noted slight bleeding from the