The equilibrium and stability of a translating cavity in a liquid

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Abstract
A strong sound field in a liquid may generate small cavities that move rapidly through the liquid. This paper is an analysis of the equilibrium states, and the conditions for their stability, of a cavity in translational motion through an inviscid, incompressible liquid. A principal conclusion is that translating cavities have a stable size and shape for a wide range of conditions. The equilibrium shape of a stable cavity is approximately an oblate spheroid. It is also found that the presence of translational motion contributes an outward dynamic pressure that tends to enlarge the cavity. As a result, the equilibrium radius of a translating cavity is greater than the equilibrium radius of the same cavity at rest.

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