How much can we expect from vasodilator therapy in congestive heart failure?

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Abstract
Therapeutic aims of vasodilation in patients with congestive heart failure are presented including reduction of left ventricular filling pressure, enhancement of cardiac output, relief of pulmonary congestion and normalization of certain hemodynamic parameters. The pathophysiologic circulatory derangements of congestive heart failure due to different etiologies are defined and related to treatment effectiveness. The pharmacological actions of hydralazine, nitroprusside, teprotide, prazosin and nitrates are discussed.