Urine Detection of Survivin and Diagnosis of Bladder Cancer

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Abstract
Deregulated expression of inhibitors of apoptosis is thought to contribute to cancer by abnormally extending cell viability, favoring the accumulation of mutations, and promoting resistance to therapy.1 A novel modulator of the cell death/viability balance in cancer was recently identified as survivin,2 a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis gene family.3 Undetectable in most normal adult tissues, survivin becomes the top fourth transcript expressed in common human cancers,2,4 in which it correlates with unfavorable disease and abbreviated overall survival.5-9