Determination of the elastic moduli of tin single crystals, and their variation with temperature

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Abstract
An apparatus is described for the measurement of the frequencies of resonance of longitudinal and torsional vibrations of circular cylindrical rods at temperatures in the range -180 to +195° C. The values obtained have been used to determine the elastic moduli of single crystals of tin over this range of temperature. The equations relating the elastic moduli to these frequencies of resonance for tetragonal crystal symmetry are given. The values of the elastic moduli at 15° C are given as S11 = 41.6, S33 = 14.9, S44 = 45.6, S66 = 42.8, S12 = -31.2 and S13 = -4.8 in units of 10-13 cm2 dyn-1.