Clandestine Management in the Imperial Chinese Bureaucracy
- 1 January 1978
- journal article
- Published by Academy of Management in Academy of Management Review
- Vol. 3 (1) , 69-78
- https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1978.4296372
Abstract
The imperial Chinese bureaucracy was subject to extensive manipulation and corruption by clerical subordinates and lesser functionaries. Higher officials, while required to demonstrate competence in classical scholarship in a series of rigorous, competitive examinations, were lacking in practical administrative knowledge, and were unable to deal with this problem.Keywords
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