Quantum and nonlocal coherent effects in Boltzmann gases

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Abstract
Quantum coherent phenomena in Boltzmann gases are studied on the basis of the generalized Waldmann-Snider kinetic equation. The equation takes into account the effects of quantum identity of particles. The conditions are formulated for the propagation of different collective modes in gases of particles with arbitrary internal degrees of freedom. Collective coherent effects are macroscopic manifestations of the molecular field for the transverse (off-diagonal) elements of particle distribution in a ‘‘polarized’’ system (a system with a nonuniform population of internal energy levels in an unperturbed state). The simplest results are obtained for particles with equidistant internal-energy levels exploiting the analogy with spin-polarized quantum gases. The accurate study of nonlocal interaction terms permits one to compare classical-kinetic and Fermi-liquid approaches to kinetic phenomena in dilute gases, and shows the limitations of both approaches. In the case of collective modes, more accurate schemes of derivation of the kinetic equation must be accompanied by the simultaneous calculations of nonlocal contributions.