Dynorphin A decreases voltage‐dependent calcium conductance of mouse dorsal root ganglion neurones.

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Abstract
1. The actions of the opioid peptides dynorphin A and (Leu)enkephalin were assessed on calcium-dependent action potentials and inward calcium currents recorded from somata of mouse dorsal root ganglion (d.r.g.) neurones grown in primary dissociated cell culture. Dynorphin A and (Leu)enkephalin decreased the duration of somatic calcium-dependent action potentials in a portion of d.r.g. neurones impaled with potassium acetate-filled micropipettes. When substantial potassium conductance was blocked by intracellular injection of cesium acetate, d.r.g. neurones continued to respond to dynorphin A but responses to (Leu)enkephalin were abolished. 2. In voltage-clamp experiments, dynorphin A but not (Leu)enkephalin reduced the magnitude of inward calcium currents. Dynorphin A responses were blocked by the opiate antagonist naloxone. The dynorphin A effect was due to reduction of voltage-dependent calcium conductance since dynorphin A reduced depolarization-evoked inward currents but did not alter membrane conductance following blockade of calcium channels by cadmium, and because dynorphin A reduced the instantaneous current-voltage slope (chord conductance) during step commands that produced maximal activation of voltage-dependent calcium conductance. 3. Dynorphin A binds with high affinity to .kappa.-opioid receptors. (Leu)enkephalin, which has affinity for both .mu.- and .delta.-receptors but not for .kappa.-opioid receptors, was without effect on calcium conductance. Therefore, we suggest that .kappa.-receptors are coupled to voltage-dependent calcium-channels and that binding of dynorphin A produces a decrease of calcium current.