Morphogenetic sequences during tadpole tail regeneration

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Abstract
The appearance of differentiated tissue types after amputation of Rana catesbeiana tadpole tail follows a precise chronological order. Migrating epithelial cells invest the wound within 3 days. Blastemal cells accumulate under the distal epithelium in the early stages when tissue debris is cleared away, then by day 11 notochordal outgrowth and nerve axon replacement predominate in the highly vascularized blastema.Fusion of the myoblasts to form the first detectable myotubes occurs in the proximal region of the regenerate by day 14. Myogenesis proceeds distally with myotubes present under the epithelium of the distal tip of the regenerate at day 19. After day 22 further increase in tail musculature is probably due to the growth of fibers already formed. At day 22 the new muscle fibers begin to anastomose with the healed ends of the old fibers. From 35 to 48 days the major remaining difference from control tissues is the size and extent of the regenerated muscle fibers; capillaries, axons, epidermis and dermis, and neuromuscular junctions are morphologically indistinguishable from unregenerated tissues.

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