Diapause in Apanteles congregatus1, 2, 3

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Abstract
Experiments in North Carolina and Kentucky demonstrated that the facultative prepupal diapause in Apanteles congregatus (Say), when parasitizing larvae of Manduca sexto (Johannsen), is photoperiodically initiated during development of the parasite larva. In North Carolina, diapause was not evident in field populations of A. congregatus until about the middle of September when the time from sunrise to sunset was about 12½ hours. Under controlled laboratory conditions, the frequency of diapausing individuals was higher under a 13-hour than a 13½-hour-per-day photophase, and the 50% response probably lies between the 13-hour- and the 12½-hour-per-day photophase. Six- to 7-day cycles with long (14 hour) photophases were required to reverse diapause.

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