The Clinical Use of Diuretics

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Abstract
Renal Regulation of Salt and Water BalancesRENAL mechanisms normally maintain the salt content of the extracellular compartment within narrow limits. Although abnormal retention of sodium may result from a reduction in glomerular filtration rate, such as occurs in acute glomerulonephritis, the accumulation of sodium and formation of edema are more commonly due to the same mechanisms that are responsible for the adaptive conservation of salt in states of extracellular-volume depletion. These mechanisms are activated by the reduction in actual or "effective" plasma volume associated with hypoalbuminemia or cardiac failure and, somewhat ideologically, can be viewed as an effort on . . .

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