Studies of Inorganic Ion Exchangers. II. Effects of Sulfuric Acid on the Synthesis of Ti(HPO4)2·0–1/2H2O

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Abstract
In order to develop an inorganic ion exchanger for industrial use, sulfuric acid has been added to the reaction system of amorphous titanium(IV) phosphate and phosphoric acid. The effects of the additive on the formation of titanium(IV) hydrogenphosphate, a compound observed to have ion exchange affinities towards K+ and Cs+, have been investigated. Ti(HPO4)2·0–1/2H2O has been synthesized using the sulfuric acid solution of TiOSO4, an intermediate in the production process of titanium dioxide. The addition of sulfuric acid to phosphoric acid and a resulting mole ratio of H2SO4/H3PO4 greater than 0.14, produced a borderline in the formation of the monohydrate and hemihydrate within the temperature range of 148–155 °C Titanium(IV) hydrogenphosphate crystallized as fine particles (1–3 μ) by the double decomposition between the sulfuric acid solution of TiOSO4 and phosphoric acid. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the product obtained using the sulfuric acid solution of TiOSO4 above 160 °C compared favourably with that of the hemihydrate already reported. The composition was shown by the formula of Ti(HPO4)2·0–1/2H2O. In the X-ray diffraction pattern of Ti(HPO4)2·0–1/2H2O, two characteristic diffraction lines appeared at 11.6 and 9.21 Å; thus it has been assumed that the product is not a pure crystallite but a mixture of two or more species.

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