The mosaic theory of forest regeneration and the determination of forest composition in Ghana

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Abstract
Early studies comparing adult and juvenile tree populations in West Africa described a contrast in flonstic composition between the two age classes. These studies have been mis-represented in more recent literature, and confusion has arisen over their interpretation.Similar comparisons are reported here for six forest sites in Ghana. At any one site, clear differences in composition were recognized between adult and juvenile samples, but in terms of the variation in flonstic composition over the whole of the forest zone, they are slight and forest types appear to ‘breed true’.At one site, Kade, compositional differences between size classes are fully described for all canopy species on a 0.25 ha plot. There was an abrupt change in composition at about 30 cm gbh. At this site, mortality rates for trees >30 cm gbh were greater amongst species with a high proportion of juveniles in the population. At other sites, changes in composition were sometimes abrupt, occurring at various size classes, or were more gradual.The populations of some species included a large number of juveniles at all sample sites, but the converse, where species always have low densities of juveniles, were not seen. The possible implications of these results for future canopy composition are discussed in relation to temporal equilibrium, or lack of it, in tropical forest composition.