Conductive polymer–carbon–imidazolium composite: a simple means for constructing solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells

Abstract
A clay-like conductive material comprising polyaniline-loaded carbon black particles and an ethyleneoxide-substituted imidazolium iodide was prepared. The material was sandwiched between dye-coated porous TiO2 and counter-electrode to form a solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell, which works with overall conversion efficiencies of 3.48% and 4.07% for AM 1.5, 100 mW cm−2 and 23 mW cm−2 irradiation, respectively.

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