Bankart repair for anterior shoulder instability

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Abstract
The Bankart procedure is an operation in which an avulsed anterior shoulder capsule is reattached to the anterior rim of the glenoid fossa. The Bankart procedure is indicated for the treatment of recurrent anterior-inferior glenohumeral instability. This article details the operative technique. An anterior deltopectoral approach is used. A coracoid osteotomy is optional. Three methods of dividing the subscapularis tendon and muscle are described. The capsule can be divided using either a vertical or a T-shaped incision. When reattaching the capsule to the rim, the capsule may be overlapped in a superior-inferior direction. If a Bankart lesion is present, holes are made in the anterior glenoid rim, and the capsule is sutured to the bone. The medial capsule is then sutured over the lateral capsule to reinforce the repair. If no Bankart lesion is present, the sutures are placed through the glenoid labrum rather than the bone.

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