Slow channel kinetics in heart muscle
- 1 November 1981
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Springer Nature in Basic Research in Cardiology
- Vol. 76 (6) , 589-601
- https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01908049
Abstract
The cardiac slow inward current (Isi) is mediated by a specific conductance system, the slow channel. It is highly selective for Ca and other bivalent cations as for instance Sr, whilst Na permeability is extremely small. The kinetics of activation, inactivation and recovery from inactivation are voltage-and temperaturesensitive. In contrasts to the Hodgkin-Huxley model, development and removal of inactivation operate with different time constants, at least in the ventricular myocardium of cats. Moreover, both processes exhibit a different pharmacological susceptibility. Thus a second inactivation variable having smaller rate constants than the inactivation variable f has to be introduced, which simultaneously suggests the existence of slow inactivation in cardiac slow channels. Der langsame Einwärtsstrom (Isi) der Herzmuskelzelle wird durch ein spezifisches Leitfähigkeitssystem vermittelt. Dieser langsame Membrankanal besitzt eine hohe Selektivität für Ca++ und andere bivalente Kationen wie beispielsweise Sr++. Seine Na+-Permeabilität ist dagegen nur gering. Aktivation, Inaktivation und „recovery from inactivation” sind potential- und temperaturabhängige Prozesse. Wenigstens am Ventrikelmyokard der Katze sind im Gegensatz zum Hodgkin-Huxley-Modell Entwicklungs- und Abklingkinetik der Inaktivation nicht identisch. Beide Prozesse weisen eine differente Empfindlichkeit gegenüber Verapamil auf. Diese Besonderheiten zwingen zur Einführung einer zweiten Inaktivationsvariablen, deren Zeitkonstanten größer als die der Inaktivationsvariablen f sind, was gleichbedeutend mit der Annahme eines langsamen Inaktivationsprozesses ist.Keywords
This publication has 35 references indexed in Scilit:
- Inactivation of the sodium permeability in squid giant nerve fibresProgress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology, 1979
- Analysis of the inhibitory effect of Ni ions on slow inward current in mammalian ventricular myocardiumJournal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, 1979
- The voltage clamp of multicellular preparationsProgress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology, 1978
- Calcium Entry Leads to Inactivation of Calcium Channel in ParameciumScience, 1978
- Studies on the inhibitory effect of verapamil on the slow inward current in mammalian ventricular myocardiumJournal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, 1978
- The slow membrane channel as the predominant mediator of the excitation process of the sinoatrial pacemaker cellBasic Research in Cardiology, 1976
- Sensitivity to H, Li and Mg ions of the slow inward sodium current in frog atrial fibresJournal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, 1975
- Is potassium conductance of cardiac Purkinje fibres controlled by [Ca2+]i?Nature, 1975
- Divalent cations as charge carriers in excitable membranesProgress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology, 1973
- Heart: Excitation and ContractionAnnual Review of Physiology, 1971