Plasma concentrations of oestradiol-17 , oestrone, progesterone and testosterone during the ovarian cycle of the owl monkey (Aotus trivirgatus)

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Abstract
Estrone, estradiol-17.beta., progesterone and testosterone were measured by radioimmunoassay in daily plasma samples throughout the ovarian cycle in 4 female owl monkeys. Clearly defined peaks of estradiol-17.beta. occurred at intervals of 15.5 .+-. 0.56 days and confirmed the length of the cycle. Progesterone rose on the day of the estradiol-17.beta. peak to reach a maximum 4-6 days later, thereafter decreasing gradually to low levels before the onset of the next cycle. The follicular and luteal phases were estimated to be 6 and 10 days, respectively. Estrone and testosterone peaks preceded that of progesterone by 24 h and remained elevated throughout the luteal phase. Plasma concentrations of all steroids were markedly higher than for other primate species. Vaginal cytology was considered unsuitable as an indicator of the stage of the ovarian cycle.