Pyroelectric Properties of Rubidium, Cesium, and Thallium Nitrates

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Abstract
The pyroelectric properties of single crystals of rubidium, cesium and thallium nitrates have been investigated by direct observation of the dipole moment in an electric field and by measurements of the pyroelectric coefficient (dP/dT) using the Chynoweth technique. These observations have shown that the trigonal forms of these crystals are primary (or secondary) pyroelectrics in which the c‐axis is the polar axis. The Chynoweth technique also indicated the presence of 180° pyroelectric domains which were subsequently revealed by decoration with charged particles from a xerographic developer. Measurements of (dP/dT) versus T have been used to determine the form of the spontaneous polarization as a function of temperature. These results, together with new optical and X‐ray observations, indicate the space group P31 (or P32) for the trigonal form of these crystals, rather than P31 (or P3212) as previously reported on the basis of X‐ray evidence alone.

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