Resonance parallel viscosity in the banana regime in poloidally rotating tokamak plasmas

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Abstract
Parallel viscosity in the banana regime in a poloidally (E×B) rotating tokamak plasma is calculated to include the effects of orbit squeezing and to allow the poloidal E×B Mach number Mp to have a value of order unity. Here, E is the electric field and B is the magnetic field. The effects of orbit squeezing not only modify the size of the particle orbit, but also change the fraction of poloidally trapped particles. Resonance between the particle parallel (to B) speed u and the poloidal component of the E×B velocity can only occur for those particles with energy (v/vt)2≳M2p (with v the particle speed and vt the thermal speed). Thus, the resonance parallel plasma viscosity in the banana regime decreases exponentially with M2p when M2p≥1, and has a local maximum of M2p∼1.