Mass Selection by Seed Size and Specific Gravity in Soybean Populations1

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Abstract
Three cycles of mass selection for seed size and specific gravity were evaluated for their effect on the protein and oil composition of F6‐F8 heterogeneous soybean populations from two crosses. An approximately linear change in seed size was observed with each selection cycle. Effective progress was obtained for protein content in cycle 1 of both crosses, but the effectiveness of subsequent cycles differed between crosses. Selection was effective for oil content in cycle 1, but progress in subsequent cycles differed between large and small seed populations of both crosses. Maximum progress for high protein and low oil was obtained by selecting for large seed and high specific gravity. Selection for small seed and low specific gravity resulted in maximum progress for high oil and low protein. Heritability was .93, .87, .77, and .73 for seed size, specific gravity, protein, and oil, respectively.

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