Abstract
Before the 20th century, humankind was almost never exposed to sources of radio frequency (RF), electromagnetic fields (EMFs) other than those of the sun, or occasional blasts from other stellar sources. In this century, especially in recent years, there has been an explosion of uses of electromagnetic fields in the home, community, and workplace. Common sources of RF fields include computer monitors, AM radios, industrial induction heaters, RF heat sealers, medical diathermy, FM radios, mobile telephones, TV broadcasts, radar, and microwave ovens1 (see Table). An EMF can produce beneficial or adverse health effects, which may vary depending on the frequency spectrum of the source and its harmonics, the power of the devices, the duration of exposure, and the distance of the person from the source.

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