Changes induced by mycoplasma-like organisms (M.L.O.), etiologic agents of the Stolbur disease in the different tissues of the anther ofVinca roseaL. (Apocynaceae)
Open Access
- 1 August 1980
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Taylor & Francis in Grana
- Vol. 19 (2) , 99-126
- https://doi.org/10.1080/00173138009424994
Abstract
The study of the action of M.L.O., etiologic agents of Stolbur disease, was undertaken by inoculating Vinca rosea through grafting, when the first full-bloom flower appeared. The mature anthers were successively harvested. The mycoplasmas interfere on the different tissues of the anther far from the sieve tubes of the connective where they are located. The external and middle layers: epidermis, endothecium and mesothecium become undifferenciated, and then hyperplasied, while the internal layer, tapetum and the sporogenous cells degenerate. The different stages of the degeneration of the sporogenous cells and of the adaxial “pellicule” correlated to the evolution of the flowers at the time of inoculation of the disease are described here. Altered pollens with an hypertrophied intine, pollens reduced to their modified exine skeleton and exine residues fusing together and with the locular “pellicule” were observed successively. Finally remnants of pollen grains only exist as an interparietal sporopollenin deposit while the mesothecial cells acquire secretory properties. These results are discussed in the light of bibliographical data concerning different cases of sterility from genetic and viral origins. L'étude de l'action des mycoplasmes responsables du Stolbur a été entreprise en inoculant Vinca rosea par greffage lors de l'apparition de la première fleur épanouie et en récoltant les anthères mÛres successivement. Les mycoplasmes, localisés dans les tubes criblés du connectif, induisent un effect à distance sur les différents tissus de l'anthère. Les assises externes et moyennes: épiderme, endothecium et mesothecium subissent une dédifférenciation suivie d'hyperplasie alors que l'assise intern: tapetum et le massif sporogène dégénèrent. Les différents stades de la dégénérescence du massif sporogène et de la pellicule adaxiale, liés à l'état de l'évolution des fleurs lors de l'inoculation de la maladie, sont ici décrits. On observe successivement des pollens altérés à intine hypertrophiée, des pollens réduits à leur squelette exinique modifié et des débris exiniques fusionnant entre eux et avec la pellicule adaxiale. Finalement il ne subsiste plus qu'un dépôt sporopollénique interpariétal alors que des cellules du mesothecium acquièrent des propriétés sécrétrices. Ces résultats sont discutés à la lumière des données bibliographiques concernant les cas de stérilité génétique et d'infection virale.Keywords
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