Stimulus and response repetition effects in retrieval from short-term memory. Trace decay and memory search.

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Abstract
Studied repetition effects as a function of intertrial interval (ITI) in a 4-stimulus 2-response reaction time task using 22 22-33 yr old graduate students and faculty members. Repetition effects were varied by repeating (on adjacent or nonadjacent trials) (a) both the stimulus and the response, (b) only the response, or (c) neither. An analysis that considered repetition effects only across adjacent trials performed by P. Bertelson in 1965 showed the occurrence of stimulus and response repetition effects, both of which declined with ITI. Although this is consistent with the hypothesis that repetition effects are mediated by a rapidly decaying trace, a further analysis that considered repetitions over both adjacent and nonadjacent trials revealed primarily stimulus (rather than response) repetition effects, some of which did not consistently decrease with ITI. It is argued that the results of this more extensive analysis are consistent with the hypothesis that repetition effects reflect a self-terminating memory search, rather than trace decay. (16 ref.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)

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