C‐C chemokines, but not the C‐X‐C chemokines interleukin‐8 and interferon‐γ inducible protein‐10, stimulate transendothelial chemotaxis of T lymphocytes

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Abstract
Eight chemokines were tested for ability to elicit transendothelial chemotaxis of unstimulated peripheral blood T lymphocytes. The C‐C chemokines monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)‐2, MCP‐3, RANTES, macrophage inflammatory protein (MCP)‐lα, MIP‐1β, and, as previously described, MCP‐1 induced significant, dose‐dependent transendothelial chemotaxis of CD3+ T lymphocytes. In contrast, the C‐X‐C chemokines interleukin‐8 (IL‐8) and interferon‐γ inducible protein‐10 (IP‐10) failed to induce transendothelial chemotaxis of CD3+ T lymphocytes or T lymphocyte subsets. RANTES, MIP‐1α, and MIP‐1β induced significant transendothelial chemotaxis of CD4+, CD8+, and CD45RO+ T lymphocyte subsets. Phenotyping of mononuclear cells that underwent transendothelial migration to MCP‐2, MCP‐3, RANTES, or MIP‐1α showed both monocytes and activated (CD26 high), memory‐type (CD45RO+) T cells. Both CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes were recruited, but not natural killer cells or significant numbers of B cells. MCP‐2 was the only C‐C chemokine tested that attracted a significant number of naive‐type (CD45RA+) T lymphocytes. In the absence of endothelium, IL‐8 but not IP‐10 promoted modest but significant chemotoxis of CD3+ T lymphocytes. Our data support the hypothesis that C‐C, not the C‐X‐C chemokines IL‐8 or IP‐10, promote transendothelial chemotaxis of T lymphocytes.