A new technique for estimating rates of carboxylation and electron transport in leaves of C3 plants for use in dynamic global vegetation models

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Abstract
The possible responses of the terrestrial biosphere to future CO2 increases and associated climatic change are being investigated using dynamic global vegetation models (DG VMs) which include the Farquhar et al. (1980) biochemical model of leaf assimilation as the primary means of carbon capture. This model requires representative values of the maximum rates of Rubisco activity, Vmax, and electron transport, Jmax, for different vegetation types when applied at the global scale. Here, we describe an approach for calculating these values based on measurements of the maximum rate of leaf photosynthesis (Amax) 13C discrimination. The approach is tested and validated by comparison with measurements of Rubisco activity assayed directly on wild‐type and transgenic Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco) plants with altered Rubisco activity grown under ambient and elevated CO2 mole fractions with high and low N‐supply. Vmax and Jmax values are reported for 18 different vegetation types with global coverage. Both variables were linearly related reinforcing the idea of optimal allocation of resources to photosynthesis (light harvesting vs. Rubisco) at the global scale. The reported figures should be of value to the further development of vegetation and ecosystem models employing mechanistic DGVMs.