Near Drowning in Sea Water and Fresh Water

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Abstract
Two men accidentally submerged in sea water developed pulmonary edema, anoxia and thirst. In one of the two, there was atrial fibrillation, hemoconcentration and hypotension. Another man, accidentally submerged in fresh water, developed pulmonary edema, hypotension, anoxia, atrial fibrillation, hemoglobinemia and hemoglobinuria. Fever and leucocytosis occurred in all three. Each survived without apparent residual. These events are similar to those in the dog during experimental submersion. Ventricular fibrillation in fresh water drowning, although it may occur, has not been observed in man. Hemoconcentration was found in fresh water near drowning rather than hemodilution which was expected from animal experiments.

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