The diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection

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Abstract
A wide range of techniques is now available for establishing the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection. Although isolation and identification of the organism from gastric biopsy samples remains the ‘gold standard’, the detection of H. pylori by rapid indirect methods, such as the urea breath test, allow a diagnosis to be made without subjecting the patient to endoscopy and can be used to monitor the outcome of treatment. Serological techniques have their main role in epidemiological studies but may also be used to indicate treatment efficacy. Molecular techniques based on PCR and DNA probes show promise for the detection H. pylori both in biopsy specimens and in saliva and faeces of patients with gastritis.

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