EJECTION AND INGESTION OF THE SPERMATOPHORE BY THE FEMALE LADYBIRD BEETLE, HARMONIA AXYRIDIS PALLAS (COLEOPTERA: COCCINELLIDAE)

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Abstract
Sperm transfer in the aphidophagous ladybird beetle, Harmonia axyridis Pallas, is by a spermatophore (unpublished data). Although the utilization of spermatophores in insects has been considered to be a more primitive method of insemination than direct sperm transfer, males of many orders produce spermatophores (Chapman 1969; Gerber 1970; Leopold 1976). The remains of the spermatophore, after the sperm has migrated to the spermatheca, is ejected by the female in some species and dissolved within the female genital tract in others (Chapman 1969; Leopold 1976). In Coccinellidae, Fisher (1959) reported on spermatophore formation of Chilocorus spp. and indicated that the female ejected the empty spermatophore 18–24 h after copulation. In this paper evidence is presented that H. uxyridis females not only eject the empty spermatophore but also feed on it.