The Land-to-Ocean Transitional Behavior of the Atmospheric Electric Parameters and Their Relation to Atmospheric Pollution

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Abstract
Nine expeditions have been carried out during the period 1968-71 to undertake measurements of the atmospheric electric parameters including nucleus concentration over the Pacific Ocean and the East China Sea. The chief objective of these expeditions has been to understand the behavior of the electrical state of the atmosphere as one moves from land to mid-ocean. The results have been analysed to see the influence of the land pollution on the measured parameters and have been discussed in detail how these parameters depend on the distance from shore, on the air stream patterns and on the time-histories of the air masses. In some favorable cases a clear dependence of the electric conductivity and the nucleus concentration on the distance from shore has been observed. The interpretation of the data showed that among the many possible factors which would influence the conductivity and nucleus concentration measurements, the age of the relevant air masses is vitally important when we . investigate the extension of the land pollution to the oceanic atmosphere. At the end, a comment on the self-consistency of the data collected during different expeditions at varying distances from shore is also described.