Asparaginase and Glutaminase Activities of Micro-organisms

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Abstract
SUMMARY L-Asparaginase and L-glutaminase activities were detected in many micro- organisms and the distribution of these activities was found to be related to the classification of micro-organisms. Among 464 bacteria, the activities occurred in many Gram-negative bacteria and in a few Gram-positive bacteria. Most members of the family Enterobacteri- aceae possessed L-asparaginase. L-Asparaginase and L-glutaminase occurred together in a large proportion of pseudomonads. Among Gram-positive bacteria many strains of Bacillus pumilus showed strong L-asparaginase activity. Amidase activities were also observed in several strains in other families. L-Asparaginase activity was not detected in culture filtrates of 261 strains of species of the genera Streptomyces and Nocardia, but L-asparaginase and L- glutaminase were detected when these organisms were sonicated. The amidase activities in culture filtrates of 4158 fungal strains were tested. All the strains of Fusarium species formed L-asparaginase. Organisms of the genera Hjyomyces and Nectria, which are regarded as the perfect stage of the genus Fusarium, also formed L-asparaginase. Several Penicillium species formed L-asparaginase. Two organisms of the family Moniliaceae formed L-glutaminase together with L-asparaginase, and a few ascomycetous fungi formed L-asparaginase or L-glutaminase. Among I 326 yeasts, L-asparaginase or L-glutaminase occurred frequently in certain serological groups of yeasts : VI (Hansenula) group, Cryptococcus group and Rhodotorula group. Many strains of Sporobolomyces species also showed L-asparaginase activity. Several strains of Cryptococcus and Rhodotorula group possessed L-glutaminase and L-asparaginase. L-Glutaminase alone was formed in many strains of Candida scottii and Cryptococcus albidus, both of which are related to Basidiomycetes.

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