Silver-silver chloride electrode as a nonpolarizable bioelectrode

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Abstract
A thermal-electrolytic method for the preparation of Ag AgCl electrodes suitable for measurement of bioelectrical changes in the microvolt range is given in detail. A potential of 0.5 mv or less between electrode pairs is easily attained; and such electrodes will accurately measure emf generated by both steady and fluctuating phenomena down to ±5 μv under routine laboratory conditions. Studies in the variations in potential for pairs of electrodes from the time they are introduced into the circuit until they reach a stable state, as well as long-term drift are presented. These data are analyzed in terms of activation, ohmic, and concentration polarization effects. Submitted on July 19, 1962

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