Effect of hydroxyapatite coating on bone growth into porous titanium alloy implants under loaded conditions

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Abstract
Titanium alloy tibial segmented defect repair devices whose stems were coated with two layers of titanium alloy beads (Ti‐6A1‐4V, bead diameter c. 750 μm) were implanted in six beagle dogs. In four of the animals stems had been plasma‐sprayed with hydroxyapatite (HA); the other two animals received devices with uncoated stems. Devices intended for 6‐month and 3‐month evaluation were implanted in right and left tibiae, respectively. Because the amount of bone ingrowth into pore spaces was greater in cortical bone than in cancellous bone, stems were more stable and firmer in the cortical bone. In stems coated with HA, new bone tissue came into contact with the surface of beads in the superficial layer of the stem faster than in stems not so coated. Furthermore, new bone tissue entered into pore spaces in these stems earlier, in larger amounts, and reached more deeply, binding directly to the beads. Rate and quality of bone ingrowth did not differ between the 3‐month and 6‐month tibiae; in other words, optimal bone ingrowth was attained within 3 months postimplantation. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

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