Immunohistochemically detected expression of motility-related protein-1 (MRP-1/CD9) in lung adenocarcinoma and its relation to prognosis

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Abstract
Motility‐related protein‐1 (MRP‐1)/CD9 is a trans‐membrane glycoprotein closely associated with suppression of cell motility and reduced metastatic potential of some tumor cells. We currently report that, according to the RT‐PCR method for MRP‐1/CD9 gene expression, patients with low expression of MRP‐1/CD9 in non‐small‐cell lung cancer, especially the adenocarcinoma type, showed short overall survival. Then, to determine accurately the prognostic value of MRP‐1/CD9 product levels in lung‐adenocarcinoma cells, we immunohistochemically investigated its expression in 132 lung‐adenocarcinoma patients undergoing potentially curative surgery. Of these patients, 44 (33%) showed reduced expression of MRP‐1/CD9 in cancer cells, and an inverse association was observed between its expression and factors associated with tumor progression, such as nodal involvement (p = 0.029) or stage (p = 0.028). Patients with reduced expression of MRP‐1/CD9 showed a significantly worse prognosis in overall survival (p = 0.005) and disease‐free survival (DFS; p < 0.0001) than those with stronger expression; and even among patients with stage‐I disease, similar results were obtained (overall survival, p = 0.038; DFS, p = 0.012). In a multivariate analysis, immunohistochemical MRP‐1/CD9‐expression level was an independent prognostic factor for DFS (p = 0.021), but not for overall survival (p = 0.572). Thus, immunohistochemical MRP‐1/CD9‐expression level solely in lung‐adenocarcinoma cells within the tumor tissue appears to be a prognostic factor for DFS, and may be useful for detecting a high‐risk sub‐group of recurrence during the post‐operative clinical course of the disease. Int. J. Cancer 74:205‐211, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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