Analog-computer studies of mixing and parametric effects in Josephson junctions

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Abstract
Analog‐computer studies are made on a variety of mixing and parametric effects in Josephson junctions. The predictions of the constant‐voltage model are compared with the more general behavior of a junction in a resistive circuit. A simple approximate method is developed for calculating frequency conversion efficiency and the matching condition for a junction operating in the oscillatormixer mode. A similar calculation is made for the second mode of operation, in which an external local oscillator is used. In either of these modes, frequency conversion gain is possible even in a purely resistive circuit. The conditions for parametric amplification without frequency conversion are also studied and it is found that gain occurs only when the self‐oscillation frequency is near the signal frequency.