Response of Soybeans to Liming as Related to Soil Acidity, Al and Mn Toxicities, and P in Some Oxisols of Brazil

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Abstract
The response of soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) to the direct and residual effect of liming in relation to soil acidity, Al and Mn toxicities and P availability was studied in five Oxisols of Southern Brazil under successive wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)‐soybean cropping. Yield responses to liming were highly significant due to the high exchangeable Al and extractable Mn, the low pH, exchangeable Ca + Mg, and available P found in these soils. Optimum yields were obtained when liming adjusted Al from 0.1 to 0.5 meq/100g (1.5% Al saturation), soil pH from 5.2 to 5.7 and Ca + Mg from 5.7 to 8.5 meq/100g. Liming also increased root nodulation and reduced P fixation and Mn levels in the soil.
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