Resistenzverhalten gramnegativer Bakterien gegen Cefaclor und andere Antibiotika

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Abstract
Insgesamt wurden 586 Stämme von 8 Spezies auf ihr Resistenzverhalten gegen Cefaclor, Cefamandol, Cephalotin, Ampicillin, Mezlocillin, Tetracyclin und Co-Trimoxazol untersucht. Cefaclor zeigte niedrige Resistenzraten beiE. coli (1,2%),Klebsiella (2%) undProteus mirabilis (3,1%), hingegen hohe Resistenzanteile bei Indol-positivenProteus (60%) undSerratia (80%). Cefamandol war auch gegen Cefaclor- und Ampicillin-resistente Stämme wirksam. Mehrfachresistente Stämme dominierten vor allem beiEnterobacter, Serratia und Indol-positivenProteus. Von 266 Ampicillin-resistenten Stämmen erwiesen sich 198 Stämme (74,4%) als Cefaclor-sensibel. Beim Vergleich der oralen Antibiotika zeigte Cefaclor mit 12,1% resistenter Stämme gegenüber 14,8% Co-Trimoxazol- und 45,4% Ampicillin-resistenter Stämme das beste Resultat. Five hundred and eighty-six strains of eight species ofEnterobacteriaceae were tested for their resistance against cefaclor, cefamandole, cephalothin, ampicillin, mezlocillin, tetracycline and co-trimoxazole. Cefaclor showed a low rate of resistance againstEscherichia coli (1.2%),Klebsiella (2%) andProteus mirabilis (3.1%), but a high rate of resistance against indole-positiveProteus species (60%) andSerratia (80%). Cefamandole was also effective against cefaclor and ampicillin resistant strains. Multiresistant strains were predominant especially amongstEnterobacter, Serratia and indole-positiveProteus species. Of 266 ampicillin resistant strains, 198 strains (74.4%) proved to be sensitive to cefaclor. Among the orally administered antibiotics cefaclor exhibited the best result with 12.1% resistant strains compared to 14.8% strains resistant to co-trimoxazole and 45.4% resistant to ampicillin.