Pharmacokinetic data on doxycycline and its distribution in different biological fluids in female goats

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Abstract
A pharmacokinetic study of doxycycline after intravenous administration at 5 mg/kg body weight in goats revealed that a concentration of ≥0.5 μg/ml was maintained for 5 min-2 h, 4–12 h, 2–12 h and 5 min- >48 h in plasma, interstitial fluid, milk and urine respectively. The low t1/2α of 0.73±0.11 h and high t1/2β of 16.63±1.58 h show that the drug is rapidly distributed but slowly eliminated from the body. The tissue:plasma concentration of 4.86±1.06 during the elimination phase [K12/(K21-β)] indicates a high expected tissue concentration, which is supported by similarly increased drug concentration in interstitial fluid and milk. The high Vdarea of 9.78±0.86 L/kg observed denotes that, apart from its wide distribution, the drug may be stored in fat depots as it is known to be highly lipophilic. As the drug maintained a therapeutic concentration for a shorter time in plasma, and the calculated dose rate for maintaining a minimal plasma concentration of 0.5–1.5 μg/ml is relatively high, it may not be of much use in treating septicaemia in this species. Since the observed tissue:plasma concentration was higher and a therapeutic concentration was maintained in interstitial fluid and milk for longer, the drug can be used for other systemic infections at a lower dose rate than that required for treating septicaemia. As the drug maintained a very high concentration in urine, it may be of particular value in treating urinary tract infections caused by sensitive micro-organisms.