Residues of Commercially Used Insecticides in the Environment of Megachile rotundata12

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Abstract
Residues of demeton, aldicarb, trichlorfon, dimethoate, and carbofuran (and their toxic metabolites) were determined in alfalfa leaf, pollen, and nectar, and in the pollen-nectarball and leaf from the reproductive cell ofMegachile rotundata F. The exposure of larvae to insecticide residue in the pollen-nectar ball from the bee cell averaged 17.6 ng of total insecticide for demeton, 0.4 ng of total insecticide for aldicarb, 148 ng for trichlorfon, and essentially 0 ng for dimethoate and carbofuran. The data showed no adverse effects on larvae by any of the residue found in various insecticide investigated.

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