Induction of Resistance to Insect Growth Regulators12

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Abstract
Laboratory colonies of Culex pipiens pipiens L., Tribolium confusum Jacquelin duVal, and Oncopeltus fasciatus (Dallas) were submitted to selection pressure at the EC60 level in each generation; 7 different JH mimics and diftubenzuron were thus investigated for their liability to induce resistance. For each insect, test methods for assessing their susceptibility levels were developed to trace development of resistance. Methoprene induced resistance in C. p. pipiens, and tolerance in the 2 other species. Triprene induced resistance in C. p. pipiens and hydroprene induced it in T. confusum. Diflubenzuron induced a modest resistance in C. p. pipiens and T. confusum while Stauffer R-20458 and Hoffmann-LaRoche Ro-20-3600 did not Stauffer R-20458 and kinoprene induced tolerance in O. fasciatus. The methoprene-resistance developed in C. p. pipiens was at first handicapped by a greatly reduced reproductive success, but after 40 generations of pressure and the attainment of a 100-fold resistance, the reproductive success had returned to normal. This resistance showed polyfactoral inheritance and extended in cross-resistance to 5 other JH mimics but not to diflubenzuron nor to conventional insecticides.

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