Slowing on Quantitative Spectral EEG Is a Marker for Rate of Subsequent Cognitive and Functional Decline in Early Alzheimer Disease

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Abstract
The relation between quantitative spectral electroencephalogram (qEEG) parameters and subsequent rate of cognitive, functional, and behavioral decline in 82 consecutive patients with early probable Alzheimer disease (NINCDS-ADRDA criteria) was examined in a prospective study. The qEEG was performed at initial examination and global cognitive function, activities of daily living, and behavior were assessed at initial evaluation and after a period of 6 months. Using multiple linear regression analysis, higher frontocentral and parieto-occipital theta values, lower parieto-occipital beta values, and lower peak frequency were significantly associated with more decline in global cognitive function over the follow-up period. In addition, lower parieto-occipital beta values were significantly related to more decline in activities of daily living. These associations were independent of demographic (age, sex, and education) and disease characteristics [initial Cambridge Examination for Mental Disorders of the Elderly Cognitive test (CAMCOG) or Mini-Mental State Examination scores, estimated duration of symptoms, estimated prior rate of decline, and dementia severity]. In a separate multiple logistic regression analysis, prediction of rapidly progressive decline, defined as 8 or more points decline in CAMCOG scores (n = 21). could be made with parieto-occipital and frontocentral beta values. The results suggest that slowing on qEEG is a marker for subsequent rate of cognitive and functional decline in mildly demented AD patients, independent of demographic or disease characteristics.

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