Properties of Antinuclear Antibodies that Cross‐react with Plasma Membranes

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Abstract
Certain human antinuclear antibodies (ANA) cross-react specifically with the surface membrane of human leukocytes. In this study these cross-reacting (X) ANA were eluted directly from viable leukocytes isolated from 3 patients. The plasma membrane antigen recognized by X-ANA appeared phylogenetically highly conserved since it was present on viable [human cervical carcinoma] HeLa cells and cells from mouse and rabbit spleen, rat liver and the slime mold Physarum polycephalum. X-ANA did not react with the plasma membrane of nucleated bird erythrocytes or human erythrocytes or thrombocytes. The same X-ANA subset reacted with the various cells. The presence of X-ANA correlated strongly (P < 0.01) with antibodies against a HeLa cell surface antigen. The nuclear antigen recognized by X-ANA was present in all species examined, including bird erythrocyte nuclei and nuclei of P. polycephalum. Native or denatured DNA, RNA or a saline extract of nuclei did not inhibit the binding of X-ANA to cell nuclei.