Retrieval of Information from Long-Term Memory
- 1 April 1983
- journal article
- Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) in Science
- Vol. 220 (4592) , 25-30
- https://doi.org/10.1126/science.6828877
Abstract
Information is represented in long-term memory as a network of associations among concepts. Information is retrieved by spreading activation from concepts in working memory through the network structure. The time required to retrieve information is a function of the level of activation that it achieves. Fanning of multiple paths from a node dissipates the activation the node sends down any path and increases retrieval time. Fan effects are reduced as subjects overlearn the material or when they can change their task from a recognition judgment to a consistency judgment.Keywords
This publication has 11 references indexed in Scilit:
- Decisions about ignorance: Knowing that you don't know.Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 1981
- Effects of prior knowledge on memory for new informationMemory & Cognition, 1981
- A partial resolution of the paradox of interference: The role of integrating knowledgeCognitive Psychology, 1980
- Focused memory search in fact retrievalMemory & Cognition, 1980
- The role of experimental design in investigations of the fan effect.Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 1979
- Human MemoryAnnual Review of Psychology, 1979
- Fact retrieval and the paradox of interferenceCognitive Psychology, 1978
- Interference in memory for pictorial informationCognitive Psychology, 1978
- Evolution of cognitive structures and processes.Psychological Review, 1977
- Evolution of cognitive structures and processes.Psychological Review, 1977