Influence of temperature on the life-history parameters of the yellow grape-vine miteEotetranychus carpini(Oudemans) (Acari: Tetranychidae)

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Abstract
The life-history parameters of Eotetranychus carpini (Oudemans), a rarely studied species, were determined in the laboratory at five temperatures ranging from 15 ± 0.50 C to 30 ± 0.50 C (temperatures at the surface of the plant). Experiments were carried out in an air-conditioned room with relative humidity maintained at 60 ± 10%, and a photoperiod of 16L/9D (illuminance 3,500 to 4,000 lx). The experimental conditions were monitored very precisely (thermocouple for temperature, electronic hygrometer for relative humidity, and a silicon detector for illuminance). The total development time decreased from 28.4 days to 9.7 days as the temperature increased from 15.0 to 30.3°C.There was no significant difference between the development times at 26.0 and 30.3°C.The lower thermal threshold of development was calculated to be 7 ± 10 C. Mean daily oviposition increased with temperature between 15.0 and 30.30 C. The maximum value of 3.2 eggs per day was obtained between 26.0 and 30.30 C. The intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm), which ranged from 0.058 to 0.153, rose between 15.0 and 26.00 C and then decreased at 30.30 C. The maximum rm value (0.153) was obtained at 26.00 C, which can be assumed to be approximately the optimum temperature for E. carpini.