OBSERVATIONS ON CHLORALOSE‐INDUCED MYOCLONUS IN GUINEA‐PIGS

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Abstract
1 The physiological, biochemical and pharmacological features of α-chloralose-induced myoclonus in the guinea-pig have been studied. 2 EMG bursts in muscles jerking in chloralose-induced myoclonus are long, and are not time-locked to any cortical event recorded in the EEG, although they are evoked by auditory or peripheral nerve stimuli. 3 The efferent conduction velocity down the spinal cord of the signals generating the EMG bursts is fast but the afferent conduction velocity up the cord for stimulus-evoked jerks is slow, in distinction to the reverse characteristics of the spino-bulbo-spinal reflex arc. 4 α-Choralose did not cause any consistent change in 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) or 5-hydroxy-indoleacetic acid levels in any brain area, nor did it alter 5-HT turnover as judged by the depletion of 5-HT after p-chlorophenylalanine pretreatment. 5 Pretreatment of animals with drugs that increase brain 5-HT action (l-tryptophan with a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, or 5-hydroxytryptophan), or antagonize the action of 5-HT (cyproheptadine) did not abolish or obviously increase chloralose-induced myoclonus. 6 Chloralose-induced myoclonus is not similar to 5-HT-sensitive reticular reflex myoclonus in man.