Transformation of film-grain noise into signal-independent additive Gaussian noise

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Abstract
A point transformation is applied to images degraded by film-grain noise in order to transform the noise into approximately signal-independent additive Gaussian noise. The condition for validity of this technique is that the emulsion noise follow the square-root law predicted by the classical model of film-grain noise. We also assume that the scanning aperture is large compared with the grain size. Once the image has been transformed in this way, the appropriate least-squares filtering technique may be applied to the image. Experiments on two Kodak emulsions show that the technique works well over a range of diffuse densities up to densities of 2.

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