Advanced windows with a wide range in solar transmittance

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Abstract
Improved and intelligent windows are an important component to minimize the energy consumption of houses. On the one hand highly insulating windows with low U-values (high R-value) are necessary to reduce the heat transmission losses during the cold season, but on the other hand, components with high solar transmittance are desirable to get solar gains in the same period of the year. In addition, overheating problems might occur during summer, so smart windows with variable characteristics might be useful. These demands are just conflicting. Recent developments to overcome this problem are summarized. The combination of new technologies like antireflection layers, low emission coatings and switchable films may give a chance to produce smart windows with a wide dynamic range in solar transmittance.

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